Verbal Abuse that Violates the Maxim of Quality
Several subtypes of verbal abuse exploit violations of the maxim of quality. What these subtypes share in common is that the abuser knows that their statements are false or lack evidence. Here are a few examples:
Sarcasm
While sarcasm can sometimes be used as a form of humor, hurtful sarcasm is a form of verbal abuse that violates the maxim of quality. Abusers who exploit sarcasm as verbal abuse attacks others by saying the opposite of what they mean. Examples:
"It was great to meet your new beau. Wish I had a boyfriend with as many blackheads."
"That mustard stain goes really well with your new hair color."
"Have another doughnut, so you can keep up that double-chin."
Trivializing
In trivializing, the abuser seeks to make the victim's accomplishments seem insignificant, despite the fact that they know that their trivializing statements are false or lack evidence. Examples:
"You painted the living room. So what?"
"Did you really just refer to your college degree? I would hardly call that a college degree. They have an 80 percent acceptance rate."
"You write poetry? I always found that to be a waste of time."
Belittling
Some verbal abusers purposely make condescending or patronizing statements about you, despite knowing that their statements are false or lack evidential backing. Examples:
"You have no sense of humor. Maybe that's why no one likes you."
"Do you really want to go for a walk by yourself? You're never going to find your way back. Not with your sense of direction."
"You know nothing about money. Just leave the money decisions to me."
Undermining
In undermining, the abuser violates the maxim of quality by making negative statements about your suggestions, opinions, or arguments, despite knowing their statements are false or lack evidence. Examples:
"I can't believe you insist on voting when you don't understand politics."
"Are you really suggesting we go out for sushi? That's really dumb. You know we always leave hungry."
"That's the stupidest argument I have heard so far."
Gas Lighting
Gas Lighting is an attempt to make you question your perception, your memory, and even your sanity. Gas lighting need not be verbal in nature, but gas lighters often violate the maxim of quality.
Example 1:
Victim: You said you were with John last Saturday.
Abuser: I never said that. Your memory is terrible.
Example 2:
Victim: Did you hear that sound?
Abuser: No. You must be hallucinating.