I am going to preface this to avoid confusion on your part...
GIVEN THE CURRENT SYSTEM I DON'T AGREE WITH:
If earned income, gained by working and making smart decisions is taxed, then absolutely income gained by it being dropped in your lap should be taxed. The rational is backwards as it stands. We are punishing work, and rewarding the circumstances we had no control over.
I understand what you are saying. It is clear that you do not favor these taxes. I just happen to disagree with you about whether inheritance is indeed income. I think it is not, you think it is. Inheritance is a money transfer and not an economic exchange. To me, income is monies realized from the exchange of goods or services. A money transfer is not the result of such an exchange, and is therefore not income.
About your tax philosophy, I agree with parts of it. I think we should not discourage work or investment by taxing it. I also do not think we should tax inheritance because it discourages the accumulation of wealth or assets.
If it were up to me, we would only have usage taxes. Ie, if you drive, you pay a tax per mile. If you send your kid to school, you pay tuition. If you want the fire dept to come to your house, you pay a yearly access fee. Et cetera. Let each person pay for what they use. It is not fair to tax me to pay for your benefits.
Property taxes are evil. 'Give us a cut of what your stuff is worth or we will take it from you and/or physically harm you.' Sounds like something the mafia would say doesn't it?
Income taxes are a form of slavery. A certain amount of the work I do is for someone else's benefit and I am not compensated for that work. From the beginning of the year, until I meet my tax burden, I am effectively a slave. My only choice to not be a slave is to refuse to work.
Sales taxes are just straight up theft. They just take 10% of my money away from me when I try to spend it. Consider how much more goods we could consume and jobs we could create if we all had 10% more disposable income.
Capital gains taxes discourage investment and encourage consumption. Consumption without investment results in dissipation. Investment creates jobs and results in newer, better products. It is a win/win. We should never discourage it.