ARTICLE 6. UNNECESSARY ROUGHNESS. There shall be no unnecessary roughness. This shall include, but will not be limited to:
(a) Using the foot or any part of the leg to strike an opponent with a whipping motion;
(b) contacting a runner when he is out of bounds
Note: Defensive players must make an effort to avoid contact. Players on defense are responsible for knowing when a runner has crossed the boundary line, except in doubtful cases where he might step on a boundary line and continue parallel with it.
(c) a player of the receiving team who has gone out of bounds and blocks a kicking team player out of bounds during the kick. If this occurs on a kick from scrimmage, post-possession rules will apply if appropriate (9-5-1)
(d) running, diving into, or throwing the body against or on a runner whose forward progress has been stopped, who has declared himself down by going to the ground untouched and has made no attempt to advance (see 7-2-1-a, d)
(e) running, diving into, or throwing the body against or on any prostrate player either before or after the ball is dead
(f) throwing the runner to the ground after the ball is dead
(g) unnecessarily running, diving into, cutting, or throwing the body against or on a player who (1) is out of the play or (2)
should not have reasonably anticipated such contact by an opponent, before or after the ball is dead
(h) a kicker/punter, who is standing still or fading backward after the ball has been kicked, is out of the play and must not be
unnecessarily contacted by the receiving team through the end of the down or until he assumes a distinctly defensive
position. However, a kicker/punter is a defenseless player through the conclusion of the down (see 12-2-7-7)
(i) using any part of a players helmet or facemask to butt, spear, or ram an opponent violently or unnecessarily
(j) grabbing a helmet opening of an opponent and forcibly twisting, turning, or pulling his head
Penalty: For unnecessary roughness: Loss of 15 yards. The player may be disqualified if the action is judged by the official(s) to be flagrant. If the foul is by the defense, it is also an automatic first down.
Note: When in question about a roughness call or potentially dangerous tactics, the covering official(s) should always call unnecessary roughness.