the price would be A LOT cheaper if there were not the student loans
They would have to drop the price to get students, as of now they don't because of the loans
If you were selling something and knew the buyer could get a loan that would pay your high asking price. You would have no reason to adjust your price
Not necessarily.
There are still a substantial number of students that are enrolled in universities (where the tuition is the highest, compared to community colleges and 'for-profit' colleges, which we will discuss later) that do not take out student loans (anywhere between 40-60%, depending on the source of the data). This means that these 'sellers' will still be able to 'sell' their 'product', just on a smaller scale. Of course, if they want to maintain the same number of enrolled students, they must decrease tuition costs; however, if they want to keep tuition high and maintain the same level of financial health (since one cannot exactly call it 'profit') they can simply lay off faculty and staff members, of which they would have too many based on the new, smaller pool of students. Hell, some schools might even raise tuition in order to, in some manner, retain their 'prestige' (or to pay for some high-tech gear that they deem essential to their research mission).
Further, a highly disproportionate number of defaulted student loans come from those who took loans out to 'attend' for-profit schools (e.g., University of Phoenix). These for-profit schools are less expensive than the majority of their private non-profit and public counterparts ($14K/year at University of Phoenix; $50K/year Boston University; $17.8K/year in-state, $36K/year out-of-state University of Tennessee).
According to the New York Time's, 96% of those who 'attend' for-profit institutions use student loans and 30% default. Yet, this appears to be the cheapest 4-year degree program path. Maybe, the individuals that are defaulting should have never been in school (hmm...maybe they were not accepted to private and public universities); if that is the case, the solution is not to punish those individuals who make it in to universities, take out loans, and, for the most part, pay them back.