The bust of Charlemagne was created in the 14th century, with pieces of Charlemagne’s actual skull cap inside. In 2014, scientists were able to verify that the pieces of skull contained within the bust are that of the famed emperor. Charlemagne died in 814 and was buried at the Cathedral at Aachen, Germany. However, 350 years later his remains were moved to a golden shrine within the same cathedral.
The bust is believed to have been a donation from Charles IV, who was crowned king at Aachen Cathedral in 1349. This is not confirmed, but it is likely considering the admiration that the King had for Charlemagne. The skin is chased with silver and partially gilt while the hair and beard are gilt. The bust also features a border of filigree and precious stones.
During World War II, Aachen suffered heavy bombing and the cathedral was badly damaged. When the MFAA arrived in 1944, they found that the walls of the cathedral which had stood for over 1,000 years were completely destroyed. The only good news was that the artifacts within the cathedral had been moved before they were damaged by the bombing.
The bust of Charlemagne was one of the first treasures recovered when the MFAA entered Germany in search of stolen art. It was found in the Siegen copper mine along with numerous other priceless treasures. It was returned and now resides in the Aachen Cathedral Treasury.
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