19 Year Old Dies After Denial From Transplant List For Trace THC

#51
#51
Vol8188 said:
The hospital specifically said it was because it was "an illicit drug". So it has everything to do with the legality
Click to expand...

You didn't include the entire statement. It says "they do not transplant organs in patients with active alcohol, tobacco, or illicit drug use or tendancies until these issues are addressed, as these substances are contraindicated for a transplant." That hardly means "we didn't do it because marijuana is illegal." Just not what it means.
 
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#53
#53
There are way more recipients than there are donors. If this kid died it means that someone else's kid lived. Look at it that way.
 
#54
#54
VolGee4 said:
You didn't include the entire statement. It says "they do not transplant organs in patients with active alcohol, tobacco, or illicit drug use or tendancies until these issues are addressed, as these substances are contraindicated for a transplant." That hardly means "we didn't do it because marijuana is illegal." Just not what it means.
Click to expand...

That's exactly what illicit drugs means
 
#56
#56
Vol8188 said:
That's exactly what illicit drugs means
Click to expand...

I know what illicit drugs are. But that statement doesn't mean that. Why would they include alcohol and tobacco if they just intended to exclude people who test positive for illicit drugs? They also say that "until those issues are addressed," which means it can be rehabilitated. Your comprehension on this is way off.
 
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#57
#57
Vol8188 said:
That's exactly what illicit drugs means
Click to expand...

Tobacco is legal
Alcohol is legal
Marijuana is not legal

Regardless of their legality abusing any of those gets you off the list. You are hung up on the legality but that has zero to do with it.
 
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#58
#58
#VFL__ said:
No good person smokes marijuana
Click to expand...

tumblr_n4xr3olmy91rijbg1o1_500.gif
 
#63
#63
Vol8188 said:
Please share.....
Click to expand...

Ask, and ye shall receive:

REFERENCES
United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, World Drug Report 2016, Vienna 2016.
Swift W, Wong A, Li KM, et al. Analysis of cannabis seizures in NSW, Australia: cannabis potency and cannabinoid profile. PLoS One 2013; 8:e70052.
Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality. Key substance use and mental health indicators in the United States: Results from the 2015 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (HHS Publication No. SMA 16-4984, NSDUH Series H-51). 2016. http://www.samhsa.gov/data/ (Accessed on September 23, 2016).
Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, 2013 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Detailed Tables, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville 2014.
Hasin DS, Saha TD, Kerridge BT, et al. Prevalence of Marijuana Use Disorders in the United States Between 2001-2002 and 2012-2013. JAMA Psychiatry 2015; 72:1235.
Bechtold J, Simpson T, White HR, Pardini D. Chronic adolescent marijuana use as a risk factor for physical and mental health problems in young adult men. Psychol Addict Behav 2015; 29:552.
Van Gundy K, Rebellon CJ. A Life-course Perspective on the "Gateway Hypothesis". J Health Soc Behav 2010; 51:244.
Vanyukov MM, Tarter RE, Kirillova GP, et al. Common liability to addiction and "gateway hypothesis": theoretical, empirical and evolutionary perspective. Drug Alcohol Depend 2012; 123 Suppl 1:S3.
Richmond-Rakerd LS, Slutske WS, Deutsch AR, et al. Progression in substance use initiation: A multilevel discordant monozygotic twin design. J Abnorm Psychol 2015; 124:596.
Degenhardt L, Dierker L, Chiu WT, et al. Evaluating the drug use "gateway" theory using cross-national data: consistency and associations of the order of initiation of drug use among participants in the WHO World Mental Health Surveys. Drug Alcohol Depend 2010; 108:84.
Degenhardt L, Ferrari AJ, Calabria B, et al. The global epidemiology and contribution of cannabis use and dependence to the global burden of disease: results from the GBD 2010 study. PLoS One 2013; 8:e76635.
Blanco C, Hasin DS, Wall MM, et al. Cannabis Use and Risk of Psychiatric Disorders: Prospective Evidence From a US National Longitudinal Study. JAMA Psychiatry 2016; 73:388.
Weinberger AH, Platt J, Goodwin RD. Is cannabis use associated with an increased risk of onset and persistence of alcohol use disorders? A three-year prospective study among adults in the United States. Drug Alcohol Depend 2016; 161:363.
Hughes JR, Naud S, Budney AJ, et al. Attempts to stop or reduce daily cannabis use: An intensive natural history study. Psychol Addict Behav 2016; 30:389.
Agrawal A, Budney AJ, Lynskey MT. The co-occurring use and misuse of cannabis and tobacco: a review. Addiction 2012; 107:1221.
Jones CM, Logan J, Gladden RM, Bohm MK. Vital Signs: Demographic and Substance Use Trends Among Heroin Users - United States, 2002-2013. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2015; 64:719.
Martins SS, Gorelick DA. Conditional substance abuse and dependence by diagnosis of mood or anxiety disorder or schizophrenia in the U.S. population. Drug Alcohol Depend 2011; 119:28.
Lev-Ran S, Imtiaz S, Rehm J, Le Foll B. Exploring the association between lifetime prevalence of mental illness and transition from substance use to substance use disorders: results from the National Epidemiologic Survey of Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC). Am J Addict 2013; 22:93.
Bally N, Zullino D, Aubry JM. Cannabis use and first manic episode. J Affect Disord 2014; 165:103.
Gage SH, Hickman M, Zammit S. Association Between Cannabis and Psychosis: Epidemiologic Evidence. Biol Psychiatry 2016; 79:549.
van Winkel R, Kuepper R. Epidemiological, neurobiological, and genetic clues to the mechanisms linking cannabis use to risk for nonaffective psychosis. Annu Rev Clin Psychol 2014; 10:767.
Green B, Young R, Kavanagh D. Cannabis use and misuse prevalence among people with psychosis. Br J Psychiatry 2005; 187:306.
Koskinen J, Löhönen J, Koponen H, et al. Rate of cannabis use disorders in clinical samples of patients with schizophrenia: a meta-analysis. Schizophr Bull 2010; 36:1115.
Kedzior KK, Laeber LT. A positive association between anxiety disorders and cannabis use or cannabis use disorders in the general population--a meta-analysis of 31 studies. BMC Psychiatry 2014; 14:136.
Stinson FS, Ruan WJ, Pickering R, Grant BF. Cannabis use disorders in the USA: prevalence, correlates and co-morbidity. Psychol Med 2006; 36:1447.
Compton WM, Conway KP, Stinson FS, et al. Prevalence, correlates, and comorbidity of DSM-IV antisocial personality syndromes and alcohol and specific drug use disorders in the United States: results from the national epidemiologic survey on alcohol and related conditions. J Clin Psychiatry 2005; 66:677.
Calabria B, Degenhardt L, Hall W, Lynskey M. Does cannabis use increase the risk of death? Systematic review of epidemiological evidence on adverse effects of cannabis use. Drug Alcohol Rev 2010; 29:318.
Manrique-Garcia E, Ponce de Leon A, Dalman C, et al. Cannabis, Psychosis, and Mortality: A Cohort Study of 50,373 Swedish Men. Am J Psychiatry 2016; 173:790.
Kertesz SG, Pletcher MJ, Safford M, et al. Illicit drug use in young adults and subsequent decline in general health: the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study. Drug Alcohol Depend 2007; 88:224.
Meier MH, Caspi A, Cerdá M, et al. Associations Between Cannabis Use and Physical Health Problems in Early Midlife: A Longitudinal Comparison of Persistent Cannabis vs Tobacco Users. JAMA Psychiatry 2016; 73:731.
Macleod J, Oakes R, Copello A, et al. Psychological and social sequelae of cannabis and other illicit drug use by young people: a systematic review of longitudinal, general population studies. Lancet 2004; 363:1579.
Meier MH, Hill ML, Small PJ, Luthar SS. Associations of adolescent cannabis use with academic performance and mental health: A longitudinal study of upper middle class youth. Drug Alcohol Depend 2015; 156:207.
Crane NA, Schuster RM, Fusar-Poli P, Gonzalez R. Effects of cannabis on neurocognitive functioning: recent advances, neurodevelopmental influences, and sex differences. Neuropsychol Rev 2013; 23:117.
Curran HV, Freeman TP, Mokrysz C, et al. Keep off the grass? Cannabis, cognition and addiction. Nat Rev Neurosci 2016; 17:293.
Volkow ND, Swanson JM, Evins AE, et al. Effects of Cannabis Use on Human Behavior, Including Cognition, Motivation, and Psychosis: A Review. JAMA Psychiatry 2016; 73:292.
Schreiner AM, Dunn ME. Residual effects of cannabis use on neurocognitive performance after prolonged abstinence: a meta-analysis. Exp Clin Psychopharmacol 2012; 20:420.
Schulte MH, Cousijn J, den Uyl TE, et al. Recovery of neurocognitive functions following sustained abstinence after substance dependence and implications for treatment. Clin Psychol Rev 2014; 34:531.
Auer R, Vittinghoff E, Yaffe K, et al. Association Between Lifetime Marijuana Use and Cognitive Function in Middle Age: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study. JAMA Intern Med 2016; 176:352.
Moore TH, Zammit S, Lingford-Hughes A, et al. Cannabis use and risk of psychotic or affective mental health outcomes: a systematic review. Lancet 2007; 370:319.
Schoeler T, Monk A, Sami MB, et al. Continued versus discontinued cannabis use in patients with psychosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Psychiatry 2016; 3:215.
Schoeler T, Petros N, Di Forti M, et al. Association Between Continued Cannabis Use and Risk of Relapse in First-Episode Psychosis: A Quasi-Experimental Investigation Within an Observational Study. JAMA Psychiatry 2016; 73:1173.
Lev-Ran S, Roerecke M, Le Foll B, et al. The association between cannabis use and depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies. Psychol Med 2014; 44:797.
Pacek LR, Martins SS, Crum RM. The bidirectional relationships between alcohol, cannabis, co-occurring alcohol and cannabis use disorders with major depressive disorder: results from a national sample. J Affect Disord 2013; 148:188.
Lynskey MT, Glowinski AL, Todorov AA, et al. Major depressive disorder, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempt in twins discordant for cannabis dependence and early-onset cannabis use. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2004; 61:1026.
Gibbs M, Winsper C, Marwaha S, et al. Cannabis use and mania symptoms: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Affect Disord 2015; 171:39.
Feingold D, Weiser M, Rehm J, Lev-Ran S. The association between cannabis use and mood disorders: A longitudinal study. J Affect Disord 2015; 172:211.
Degenhardt L, Coffey C, Romaniuk H, et al. The persistence of the association between adolescent cannabis use and common mental disorders into young adulthood. Addiction 2013; 108:124.
Gates P, Jaffe A, Copeland J. Cannabis smoking and respiratory health: consideration of the literature. Respirology 2014; 19:655.
Melamede R. Cannabis and tobacco smoke are not equally carcinogenic. Harm Reduct J 2005; 2:21.
Tetrault JM, Crothers K, Moore BA, et al. Effects of marijuana smoking on pulmonary function and respiratory complications: a systematic review. Arch Intern Med 2007; 167:221.
Tashkin DP, Shapiro BJ, Lee YE, Harper CE. Subacute effects of heavy marihuana smoking on pulmonary function in healthy men. N Engl J Med 1976; 294:125.
Kempker JA, Honig EG, Martin GS. The effects of marijuana exposure on expiratory airflow. A study of adults who participated in the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Study. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2015; 12:135.
Pletcher MJ, Vittinghoff E, Kalhan R, et al. Association between marijuana exposure and pulmonary function over 20 years. JAMA 2012; 307:173.
Loflin M, Earleywine M. No smoke, no fire: What the initial literature suggests regarding vapourized cannabis and respiratory risk. Can J Respir Ther 2015; 51:7.
Biehl JR, Burnham EL. Cannabis Smoking in 2015: A Concern for Lung Health? Chest 2015; 148:596.
Lee DC, Budney AJ, Brunette MF, et al. Outcomes from a computer-assisted intervention simultaneously targeting cannabis and tobacco use. Drug Alcohol Depend 2015; 155:134.
Huang YH, Zhang ZF, Tashkin DP, et al. An epidemiologic review of marijuana and cancer: an update. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2015; 24:15.
Mehra R, Moore BA, Crothers K, et al. The association between marijuana smoking and lung cancer: a systematic review. Arch Intern Med 2006; 166:1359.
Berthiller J, Lee YC, Boffetta P, et al. Marijuana smoking and the risk of head and neck cancer: pooled analysis in the INHANCE consortium. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2009; 18:1544.
Gurney J, Shaw C, Stanley J, et al. Cannabis exposure and risk of testicular cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:897.
Desbois AC, Cacoub P. Cannabis-associated arterial disease. Ann Vasc Surg 2013; 27:996.
Thomas G, Kloner RA, Rezkalla S. Adverse cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and peripheral vascular effects of marijuana inhalation: what cardiologists need to know. Am J Cardiol 2014; 113:187.
Gorelick DA, Heishman SJ, Preston KL, et al. The cannabinoid CB1 receptor antagonist rimonabant attenuates the hypotensive effect of smoked marijuana in male smokers. Am Heart J 2006; 151:754.e1.
Mittleman MA, Lewis RA, Maclure M, et al. Triggering myocardial infarction by marijuana. Circulation 2001; 103:2805.
Mukamal KJ, Maclure M, Muller JE, Mittleman MA. An exploratory prospective study of marijuana use and mortality following acute myocardial infarction. Am Heart J 2008; 155:465.
Frost L, Mostofsky E, Rosenbloom JI, et al. Marijuana use and long-term mortality among survivors of acute myocardial infarction. Am Heart J 2013; 165:170.
Hackam DG. Cannabis and stroke: systematic appraisal of case reports. Stroke 2015; 46:852.
Rumalla K, Reddy AY, Mittal MK. Recreational marijuana use and acute ischemic stroke: A population-based analysis of hospitalized patients in the United States. J Neurol Sci 2016; 364:191.
Korantzopoulos P, Liu T, Papaioannides D, et al. Atrial fibrillation and marijuana smoking. Int J Clin Pract 2008; 62:308.
Korantzopoulos P. Marijuana smoking is associated with atrial fibrillation. Am J Cardiol 2014; 113:1085.
Beech RA, Sterrett DR, Babiuk J, Fung H. Cannabinoid Hyperemesis Syndrome: A Case Report and Literature Review. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2015; 73:1907.
du Plessis SS, Agarwal A, Syriac A. Marijuana, phytocannabinoids, the endocannabinoid system, and male fertility. J Assist Reprod Genet 2015; 32:1575.
Gundersen TD, Jørgensen N, Andersson AM, et al. Association Between Use of Marijuana and Male Reproductive Hormones and Semen Quality: A Study Among 1,215 Healthy Young Men. Am J Epidemiol 2015; 182:473.
Ranganathan M, Braley G, Pittman B, et al. The effects of cannabinoids on serum cortisol and prolactin in humans. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2009; 203:737.
Metz TD, Stickrath EH. Marijuana use in pregnancy and lactation: a review of the evidence. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2015; 213:761.
English DR, Hulse GK, Milne E, et al. Maternal cannabis use and birth weight: a meta-analysis. Addiction 1997; 92:1553.
Conner SN, Carter EB, Tuuli MG, et al. Maternal marijuana use and neonatal morbidity. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2015; 213:422.e1.
Chabarria KC, Racusin DA, Antony KM, et al. Marijuana use and its effects in pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2016; 215:506.e1.
Barnett E, Sussman S, Smith C, et al. Motivational Interviewing for adolescent substance use: a review of the literature. Addict Behav 2012; 37:1325.
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Hézode C, Roudot-Thoraval F, Nguyen S, et al. Daily cannabis smoking as a risk factor for progression of fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C. Hepatology 2005; 42:63.
Hézode C, Zafrani ES, Roudot-Thoraval F, et al. Daily cannabis use: a novel risk factor of steatosis severity in patients with chronic hepatitis C. Gastroenterology 2008; 134:432.
Cho CM, Hirsch R, Johnstone S. General and oral health implications of cannabis use. Aust Dent J 2005; 50:70.
Yazulla S. Endocannabinoids in the retina: from marijuana to neuroprotection. Prog Retin Eye Res 2008; 27:501.
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#65
#65
InVOLuntary said:
That's horse crap, newt. There have been documented cases of mold/fungi in marijuana that has caused health problems. And, it has been linked to pneumonia. Look it up.
Click to expand...

This guy was smoking with others on the same evening. None of the others caught a rare case of pneumonia in the process so I'm pretty sure it wasn't the weed.

DancingOutlaw said:
A transplanted organ is a precious resource. People die every day waiting for an organ that never materializes. A hospital won't transplant a liver to an alcoholic who has no plans to change. It's a waste of something that could save the life of another person. The rules say if you have intoxicants in your system they won't do it.

Imagine your kid needed a double lung transplant and they died because a kid who gave himself pneumonia smoking weed got them instead.
Click to expand...

We're not talking about an alcoholic who's drank so much he destroyed his own liver and we're certainly not talking about a teenager who has smoked 3 packs of cigarettes a day since he was a child and damaged his lungs to the point of no return. This guy simply caught a rare form of pneumonia on some random Tuesday and it destroyed his lungs.

Everyone knows or should know that THC stores in the fat cells and that someone who smoked 3 weeks ago who is no longer high could still easily test positive. This situation is more about weed being illegal and the archaic testing methods for THC consumption.
 
#66
#66
Orangedogsrule said:
I'm pretty sure all transplant guidelines are based only on factors affecting transplant success ratios.

There are more people waiting for lungs than available lungs, then there's how long have you been waiting, and a formula for how good a candidate you are. Drs. dealing with death daily get pretty hard and intolerant to certain things. If your prospects for success are much lower than several other candidates based the "who gets the available transplant" algorithm, and is likely to keep you low and under even the new candidates appearing on the list, they will hit you with the truth. "You're going to die. Get your affairs in order".
Click to expand...
Bingo
 
#67
#67
kiddiedoc said:
Ask, and ye shall receive:

REFERENCES
United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, World Drug Report 2016, Vienna 2016.
Swift W, Wong A, Li KM, et al. Analysis of cannabis seizures in NSW, Australia: cannabis potency and cannabinoid profile. PLoS One 2013; 8:e70052.
Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality. Key substance use and mental health indicators in the United States: Results from the 2015 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (HHS Publication No. SMA 16-4984, NSDUH Series H-51). 2016. http://www.samhsa.gov/data/ (Accessed on September 23, 2016).
Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, 2013 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Detailed Tables, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville 2014.
Hasin DS, Saha TD, Kerridge BT, et al. Prevalence of Marijuana Use Disorders in the United States Between 2001-2002 and 2012-2013. JAMA Psychiatry 2015; 72:1235.
Bechtold J, Simpson T, White HR, Pardini D. Chronic adolescent marijuana use as a risk factor for physical and mental health problems in young adult men. Psychol Addict Behav 2015; 29:552.
Van Gundy K, Rebellon CJ. A Life-course Perspective on the "Gateway Hypothesis". J Health Soc Behav 2010; 51:244.
Vanyukov MM, Tarter RE, Kirillova GP, et al. Common liability to addiction and "gateway hypothesis": theoretical, empirical and evolutionary perspective. Drug Alcohol Depend 2012; 123 Suppl 1:S3.
Richmond-Rakerd LS, Slutske WS, Deutsch AR, et al. Progression in substance use initiation: A multilevel discordant monozygotic twin design. J Abnorm Psychol 2015; 124:596.
Degenhardt L, Dierker L, Chiu WT, et al. Evaluating the drug use "gateway" theory using cross-national data: consistency and associations of the order of initiation of drug use among participants in the WHO World Mental Health Surveys. Drug Alcohol Depend 2010; 108:84.
Degenhardt L, Ferrari AJ, Calabria B, et al. The global epidemiology and contribution of cannabis use and dependence to the global burden of disease: results from the GBD 2010 study. PLoS One 2013; 8:e76635.
Blanco C, Hasin DS, Wall MM, et al. Cannabis Use and Risk of Psychiatric Disorders: Prospective Evidence From a US National Longitudinal Study. JAMA Psychiatry 2016; 73:388.
Weinberger AH, Platt J, Goodwin RD. Is cannabis use associated with an increased risk of onset and persistence of alcohol use disorders? A three-year prospective study among adults in the United States. Drug Alcohol Depend 2016; 161:363.
Hughes JR, Naud S, Budney AJ, et al. Attempts to stop or reduce daily cannabis use: An intensive natural history study. Psychol Addict Behav 2016; 30:389.
Agrawal A, Budney AJ, Lynskey MT. The co-occurring use and misuse of cannabis and tobacco: a review. Addiction 2012; 107:1221.
Jones CM, Logan J, Gladden RM, Bohm MK. Vital Signs: Demographic and Substance Use Trends Among Heroin Users - United States, 2002-2013. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2015; 64:719.
Martins SS, Gorelick DA. Conditional substance abuse and dependence by diagnosis of mood or anxiety disorder or schizophrenia in the U.S. population. Drug Alcohol Depend 2011; 119:28.
Lev-Ran S, Imtiaz S, Rehm J, Le Foll B. Exploring the association between lifetime prevalence of mental illness and transition from substance use to substance use disorders: results from the National Epidemiologic Survey of Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC). Am J Addict 2013; 22:93.
Bally N, Zullino D, Aubry JM. Cannabis use and first manic episode. J Affect Disord 2014; 165:103.
Gage SH, Hickman M, Zammit S. Association Between Cannabis and Psychosis: Epidemiologic Evidence. Biol Psychiatry 2016; 79:549.
van Winkel R, Kuepper R. Epidemiological, neurobiological, and genetic clues to the mechanisms linking cannabis use to risk for nonaffective psychosis. Annu Rev Clin Psychol 2014; 10:767.
Green B, Young R, Kavanagh D. Cannabis use and misuse prevalence among people with psychosis. Br J Psychiatry 2005; 187:306.
Koskinen J, Löhönen J, Koponen H, et al. Rate of cannabis use disorders in clinical samples of patients with schizophrenia: a meta-analysis. Schizophr Bull 2010; 36:1115.
Kedzior KK, Laeber LT. A positive association between anxiety disorders and cannabis use or cannabis use disorders in the general population--a meta-analysis of 31 studies. BMC Psychiatry 2014; 14:136.
Stinson FS, Ruan WJ, Pickering R, Grant BF. Cannabis use disorders in the USA: prevalence, correlates and co-morbidity. Psychol Med 2006; 36:1447.
Compton WM, Conway KP, Stinson FS, et al. Prevalence, correlates, and comorbidity of DSM-IV antisocial personality syndromes and alcohol and specific drug use disorders in the United States: results from the national epidemiologic survey on alcohol and related conditions. J Clin Psychiatry 2005; 66:677.
Calabria B, Degenhardt L, Hall W, Lynskey M. Does cannabis use increase the risk of death? Systematic review of epidemiological evidence on adverse effects of cannabis use. Drug Alcohol Rev 2010; 29:318.
Manrique-Garcia E, Ponce de Leon A, Dalman C, et al. Cannabis, Psychosis, and Mortality: A Cohort Study of 50,373 Swedish Men. Am J Psychiatry 2016; 173:790.
Kertesz SG, Pletcher MJ, Safford M, et al. Illicit drug use in young adults and subsequent decline in general health: the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study. Drug Alcohol Depend 2007; 88:224.
Meier MH, Caspi A, Cerdá M, et al. Associations Between Cannabis Use and Physical Health Problems in Early Midlife: A Longitudinal Comparison of Persistent Cannabis vs Tobacco Users. JAMA Psychiatry 2016; 73:731.
Macleod J, Oakes R, Copello A, et al. Psychological and social sequelae of cannabis and other illicit drug use by young people: a systematic review of longitudinal, general population studies. Lancet 2004; 363:1579.
Meier MH, Hill ML, Small PJ, Luthar SS. Associations of adolescent cannabis use with academic performance and mental health: A longitudinal study of upper middle class youth. Drug Alcohol Depend 2015; 156:207.
Crane NA, Schuster RM, Fusar-Poli P, Gonzalez R. Effects of cannabis on neurocognitive functioning: recent advances, neurodevelopmental influences, and sex differences. Neuropsychol Rev 2013; 23:117.
Curran HV, Freeman TP, Mokrysz C, et al. Keep off the grass? Cannabis, cognition and addiction. Nat Rev Neurosci 2016; 17:293.
Volkow ND, Swanson JM, Evins AE, et al. Effects of Cannabis Use on Human Behavior, Including Cognition, Motivation, and Psychosis: A Review. JAMA Psychiatry 2016; 73:292.
Schreiner AM, Dunn ME. Residual effects of cannabis use on neurocognitive performance after prolonged abstinence: a meta-analysis. Exp Clin Psychopharmacol 2012; 20:420.
Schulte MH, Cousijn J, den Uyl TE, et al. Recovery of neurocognitive functions following sustained abstinence after substance dependence and implications for treatment. Clin Psychol Rev 2014; 34:531.
Auer R, Vittinghoff E, Yaffe K, et al. Association Between Lifetime Marijuana Use and Cognitive Function in Middle Age: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study. JAMA Intern Med 2016; 176:352.
Moore TH, Zammit S, Lingford-Hughes A, et al. Cannabis use and risk of psychotic or affective mental health outcomes: a systematic review. Lancet 2007; 370:319.
Schoeler T, Monk A, Sami MB, et al. Continued versus discontinued cannabis use in patients with psychosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Psychiatry 2016; 3:215.
Schoeler T, Petros N, Di Forti M, et al. Association Between Continued Cannabis Use and Risk of Relapse in First-Episode Psychosis: A Quasi-Experimental Investigation Within an Observational Study. JAMA Psychiatry 2016; 73:1173.
Lev-Ran S, Roerecke M, Le Foll B, et al. The association between cannabis use and depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies. Psychol Med 2014; 44:797.
Pacek LR, Martins SS, Crum RM. The bidirectional relationships between alcohol, cannabis, co-occurring alcohol and cannabis use disorders with major depressive disorder: results from a national sample. J Affect Disord 2013; 148:188.
Lynskey MT, Glowinski AL, Todorov AA, et al. Major depressive disorder, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempt in twins discordant for cannabis dependence and early-onset cannabis use. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2004; 61:1026.
Gibbs M, Winsper C, Marwaha S, et al. Cannabis use and mania symptoms: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Affect Disord 2015; 171:39.
Feingold D, Weiser M, Rehm J, Lev-Ran S. The association between cannabis use and mood disorders: A longitudinal study. J Affect Disord 2015; 172:211.
Degenhardt L, Coffey C, Romaniuk H, et al. The persistence of the association between adolescent cannabis use and common mental disorders into young adulthood. Addiction 2013; 108:124.
Gates P, Jaffe A, Copeland J. Cannabis smoking and respiratory health: consideration of the literature. Respirology 2014; 19:655.
Melamede R. Cannabis and tobacco smoke are not equally carcinogenic. Harm Reduct J 2005; 2:21.
Tetrault JM, Crothers K, Moore BA, et al. Effects of marijuana smoking on pulmonary function and respiratory complications: a systematic review. Arch Intern Med 2007; 167:221.
Tashkin DP, Shapiro BJ, Lee YE, Harper CE. Subacute effects of heavy marihuana smoking on pulmonary function in healthy men. N Engl J Med 1976; 294:125.
Kempker JA, Honig EG, Martin GS. The effects of marijuana exposure on expiratory airflow. A study of adults who participated in the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Study. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2015; 12:135.
Pletcher MJ, Vittinghoff E, Kalhan R, et al. Association between marijuana exposure and pulmonary function over 20 years. JAMA 2012; 307:173.
Loflin M, Earleywine M. No smoke, no fire: What the initial literature suggests regarding vapourized cannabis and respiratory risk. Can J Respir Ther 2015; 51:7.
Biehl JR, Burnham EL. Cannabis Smoking in 2015: A Concern for Lung Health? Chest 2015; 148:596.
Lee DC, Budney AJ, Brunette MF, et al. Outcomes from a computer-assisted intervention simultaneously targeting cannabis and tobacco use. Drug Alcohol Depend 2015; 155:134.
Huang YH, Zhang ZF, Tashkin DP, et al. An epidemiologic review of marijuana and cancer: an update. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2015; 24:15.
Mehra R, Moore BA, Crothers K, et al. The association between marijuana smoking and lung cancer: a systematic review. Arch Intern Med 2006; 166:1359.
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Click to expand...

Buzzkill!
 
#68
#68
golfballs said:
Buzzkill!
Click to expand...

Nutshell of most current research/statistics on cannabis use:

- Definite increase in rate of mental illness, especially risk for schizophrenia, more pronounced with early use in adolescence

- Impaired cognitive and motor functioning during acute intoxication, likely increase in risk for MVA

- Impaired memory and cognitive function, chronic, dose-dependent

- Acute respiratory symptoms (applicable in the story)

- Slight increase in risk for MI and stroke

- No conclusive evidence of other long term medical risks (cancer, chronic lung disease, etc)
 
#69
#69
Coug said:
This guy was smoking with others on the same evening. None of the others caught a rare case of pneumonia in the process so I'm pretty sure it wasn't the weed.



We're not talking about an alcoholic who's drank so much he destroyed his own liver and we're certainly not talking about a teenager who has smoked 3 packs of cigarettes a day since he was a child and damaged his lungs to the point of no return. This guy simply caught a rare form of pneumonia on some random Tuesday and it destroyed his lungs.

Everyone knows or should know that THC stores in the fat cells and that someone who smoked 3 weeks ago who is no longer high could still easily test positive. This situation is more about weed being illegal and the archaic testing methods for THC consumption.
Click to expand...

You guys are confusing the issues. They will give transplants to people who have been addicted to something and caused an organ to fail as long as the patient is not currently addicted. So, a long time alcoholic, who is no longer drinking, can get a new liver. I read that the relapse percentages after a transplant are quite low. I don't think facilities try to be the ethical police. However, they will not give immediate transplants to patients who currently test positive to those substances. There is fear that the patient's body will not accept the new organ and that the patients could continue ingesting the substance because they have not shown a pattern of abstinence. As to the post above about Mickey Mantle, that's most likely why he got a transplant. If this kid had ruined his lungs from marijuana but didn't actively test positive, then I bet he would have gotten a transplant.
 
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#70
#70
So the kid is likely told to avoid certain behaviors to receive an organ transplant that will save his life. Kid ignores all advice and does it anyway. Then when he is denied the transplant people place the blame the government? :question:
 
#72
#72
Coug said:
This guy was smoking with others on the same evening. None of the others caught a rare case of pneumonia in the process so I'm pretty sure it wasn't the weed.
Click to expand...

I didn't say smoking weed on that occasion caused his pneumonia. Although it very well could have as different people have different reactions to the fungi. I was making the point that if he's actively smoking pot, it could cause complications for a transplant. Similar to why you wouldn't transplant a liver into someone that was actively drinking.
 
#73
#73
bignewt said:
Well I have never had pneumonia so I guess I am doing something right.:hi:
Click to expand...

And different folks react differently to the bad things in weed. Also, maybe there was something in that weed that was particularly toxic to him?
 
#74
#74
InVOLuntary said:
And different folks react differently to the bad things in weed. Also, maybe there was something in that weed that was particularly toxic to him?
Click to expand...

I just don't think the weed had anything to do with it. Pneumonia and weed are not synonymous at all. The only thing it could have done was aggravated a pre-exisitng infection even then a cigararette, a cigar, a vape or pipe tobacco would have done the same.
 
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#75
#75
I see a lot of US government funded studies in your list but...


kiddiedoc said:
Nutshell of most current research/statistics on cannabis use:

- Definite increase in rate of mental illness, especially risk for schizophrenia, more pronounced with early use in adolescence (ok, was this based on the film Reefer Madness?")

- Impaired cognitive and motor functioning during acute intoxication, likely increase in risk for MVA (Probably about 25% the impairment of alcohol...)

- Impaired memory and cognitive function, chronic, dose-dependent (Again very short term. You could not pick out a casual user from a Mormon when it comes to memory or function)

- Acute respiratory symptoms (applicable in the story)
(Again, just like cigarette smokers you do it lot it will affect you)

- Slight increase in risk for MI and stroke
(Sounds like a government study all day and give me that over the physical harm of alcohol abuse)

- No conclusive evidence of other long term medical risks (cancer, chronic lung disease, etc) (exactly although Im sure they want to find it)
Click to expand...

Moral of the story is enjoy everything in moderation and if you do Mary Jane is a helluva lot easier on your body and mind than other vices.
 
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