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As wildfires continue to burn out of control across Los Angeles, questions have turned to why and how California authorities allowed the perfect conditions — extremely dry, uncleared forests, hillsides and brush — to proliferate during an already dangerous fire season made worse by a Santa Ana wind event that hits the area with relative frequency.
Also known as controlled burns, those are fires intentionally set by forest managers to reduce hazardous fuels like brush, dead trees and other highly flammable materials. The main benefit of prescribed fires is to "reduce the risk of unwanted wildfires in the future," according to the Forest Service, an agency of the U.S. Department of Agriculture.
But in order for these prescribed fires to occur, they must go through the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) review process, which can last anywhere from 3.6 years to 7.2 years between the time of initiation to when the burning can actually begin, according to a 2022 policy brief from the Property and Environment Research Center (PERC).
The Forest Service has been warning of a "forest health crisis of tremendous proportions" for more than two decades. In its own 2022 report, the agency said that "73 million acres of national forests are at risk from severe wildland fires that threaten human safety and ecosystem integrity."
Forest Service officials have estimated that planning and assessment consume a full 40 percent of the agency's total direct work at the national forest level and that those efforts cost the Forest Service more than $250 million every year.
"Although some planning is obviously necessary, Forest Service officials have estimated that improving administrative procedures could shift up to $100 million a year from unnecessary planning to actual project work to restore ecosystems and deliver services on the ground," the agency said in its report.
"Mother nature doesn't wait for paperwork."
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